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• CPUs
• Machines
• Other emulators and simulators
• Miscellaneous

(Link reachability last tested 2010-02-14.)

CPUs:

• Alpha:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DEC_Alpha
    Wikipedia's page about the Alpha.
  • http://download.majix.org/dec/
    Lots of useful Alpha manuals and other info (mostly as PDF).
  • http://www.alphalinux.org/docs/alphaahb.html
    The Alpha Architecture Handbook (HTML)
  • http://www.cs.arizona.edu/computer.help/policy/DIGITAL_unix/AA-PS31D-TET1_html/INDEX.html
    Assembly Language Programmer's Guide
  • http://www.cs.arizona.edu/alto/Doc/local/alpha.opcode.html
    Alpha Opcodes
• ARM:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARM_architecture
    Wikipedia's page about the ARM architecture.
  • http://www.heyrick.co.uk/assembler/
    ARM assembly language.
  • http://sources.redhat.com/cgen/gen-doc/arm-thumb-insn.html
    Thumb instructions.
  • http://download.intel.com/design/intelxscale/27343601.pdf
    XScale PDF.
  • http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.dui0204i/DUI0204I_rvct_assembler_guide.pdf
    RealView Compilation Tools Assembler Guide (link from http://elinux.org/BeagleBoard#ARM_NEON)
• Atmel AVR32:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AVR32
    Wikipedia's page about the AVR32 architecture.
  • http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/doc32000.pdf
    The AVR32 Instruction Set.
  • http://avr32linux.org/twiki/bin/view/Main/GettingStarted (unreachable?)
    How to set up binutils/gcc for the avr32-linux target.
• Atmel AVR:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmel_AVR
    Wikipedia's page about the AVR architecture.
  • http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/DOC0856.PDF
    The Atmel AVR 8-bit instruction set.
  • http://www.omegav.ntnu.no/avr/resources.php3 (unreachable?)
    LOTS of AVR-related links.
  • http://www.tfs.net/~petek/atmel/hiworld/hiworld.htm (unreachable?)
    Hello World for an Atmel AVR, using a Hitachi HD44780 LCD display.
  • http://www.serasidis.gr/circuits/colour_bar_gen/colour_bar_gen.htm
    AVR composite PAL color bar generator.
  • http://www.ondraszek.ds.polsl.gliwice.pl/~looser/avr/index.php (unreachable?)
    AVR PAL color generator.
• CHIP8:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chip8
    Wikipedia's page about the CHIP8 architecture.
  • http://www.pdc.kth.se/~lfo/chip8/CHIP8.htm
    Good description of CHIP8 (and an emulator for it).
  • http://members.aol.com/autismuk/chip8/chip8def.htm
    List of all CHIP8 instructions.
• H8:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H8_Family
    Wikipedia's page about the H8 architecture.
  • http://www4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de/Lehre/SS06/V_OSE/Uebung/docs/
    H8-300%20Programming%20Manual.pdf
    An H8 instruction set manual.
• HPPA:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PA-RISC
    Wikipedia's page about the HP PA-RISC architecture.
  • http://ftp.parisc-linux.org/docs/
    HPPA docs (including 64-bit, "2.0")
  • http://docs.hp.com/en/92432-90012/index.html
    HP Assembler Reference Manual (browsable online)
• i960:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_i960
    Wikipedia's page about the i960 architecture.
  • ftp://download.intel.com/design/i960/MANUALS/
    Lots of Intel 80960 manuals.
  • http://www.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/subroutines/i960.html (unreachable?)
    Basic info.
• IA64 (Itanium):
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IA64
    Wikipedia's page about the IA64 (Itanium) architecture.
• M32R:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M32R
    Wikipedia's page about the M32R architecture.
  • http://documentation.renesas.com/eng/products/mpumcu/e32rsm.pdf
    M32R Family Software Manual.
  • http://documentation.renesas.com/eng/products/mpumcu/rej09b0112_32fpusm.pdf
    M32R-FPU Software Manual.
  • http://www.renesas.com/fmwk.jsp?cnt=Documentation.jsp&fp=
       /products/mpumcu/m32r_family/&title=Documentation&lid=38
    Renesas M32R documentation (other documents).
  • http://www.linux-m32r.org/cmn/manual/rej09b0135_opsp.pdf ("software"),
    http://www.linux-m32r.org/cmn/manual/rej09b0134_opsp.pdf ("hardware")
    OPSP-CPU, an M32R implementation with some more DSP instructions.
  • http://www.linux-m32r.org/eng/download.html
    Linux for M32R (kernel code and precompiled binaries, root file system, etc).
• MIPS:
  • General MIPS-related docs:
    • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIPS_architecture
      An introduction to MIPS, including some history.
    • http://www.mips.com/products/resource-library/product-materials/ (unreachable?)
      MIPS Product Materials.
    • http://www.cs.hmc.edu/courses/2004/spring/cs182/sys161/mips.html
      A nice and compact introduction to coding for 32-bit MIPS.
    • http://www.ee.umd.edu/~blj/papers/micro18-4.pdf
      A paper mentioning R2000/R3000 MMU, TLB stuff.
    • http://www.cag.lcs.mit.edu/~rinard/osnotes/h11.html
      R3000 TLB Structure. A bit hard to read though.
    • http://lists.debian.org/debian-mips/2000/debian-mips-200009/msg00011.html
      Describes the relations between ISAs, PRAs.
    • http://web.cs.mun.ca/~paul/cs3725/material/web/notes/node3.html
      Describes the R2000/R3000 cache implementation (and other cache implementations as well).
    • http://www.ac3.edu.au/SGI_Developer/books/Mpro_n32_ABI/sgi_html/ch02.html#id52620 (unreachable?)
      N32 and N64 ABI calling conventions (interesting read).
  • R10000 (ISA IV):
    • http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/tpl/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi/hdwr/bks/SGI_Developer/R10K_UM
      R10000 User's Manual (html, online browsable, or as pdf).
    • http://ftp.yars.free.net/pub/doc/SGI/Tech_Manuals/R4K_R10K_diff.ps (unreachable?)
      Quick list of differences between R4000 and R10000.
  • MIPS ISA V:
    • http://ftp.yars.free.net/pub/doc/SGI/Tech_Manuals/isa5_tech_brf.pdf (unreachable?)
      http://www.iuma.ulpgc.es/~nunez/procesadoresILP/isa5_tech_brf.pdf
      MIPS ISA V tech. brief.
    • http://ftp.yars.free.net/pub/doc/SGI/Tech_Manuals/MIPSVspec.ps (unreachable?)
      http://ftp.akaedu.org/%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E7%A1%AC%E4%BB%B6%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90_Hardware/%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BE%AE%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86%E5%99%A8_CPU/%E9%BE%99%E8%8A%AF%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99_Godson/MIPS_%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/MIPSVspec.pdf (unreachable?)
      MIPS ISA V spec.
  • MIPS16:
    • http://www.necelam.com/docs/files/U15509EJ2V0UM00.pdf
      VR4100 manual, chapters 3 and 10 contain details about the MIPS16 instruction set.
    • http://211.21.66.14/3c/silicon/Hot/DesignGuideMIPS16whitepaper.pdf (unreachable?)
      A quick description of MIPS16.
    • http://www.opensource.apple.com/darwinsource/10.1.2/binutils-23.1/src/opcodes/mips16-opc.c
      mips16 opcodes in binutils.
  • MDMX:
    • http://www.enlight.ru/docs/cpu/risc/mips/MDMXspec.pdf
      MIPS Digital Media Extension.
  • NEC VR5432 (a 64-bit MIPS implementation)
    • http://www.necelam.com/docs/files/1375_V1.pdf
      VR5432 Users Manual, uPD30541GD, Volume 1. Chapters 1-15 + Index.
    • http://www.necelam.com/docs/files/1375_V2.pdf
      VR5432 Users Manual, uPD30541GD, Volume 2. Chapters 16-20, Appendicies + Index.
  • NEC VR4121 (64-bit, ISA III + MIPS16)
    • http://www.eecg.toronto.edu/~lemieux/z50/VrUsersManual.pdf
      VR4121 User's Manual
  • NEC VR4131 (64/32-bit)
    • http://www.linux4.be/download/pdf/U15350EJ2V0UM00.pdf (unreachable?)
      VR4131 Preliminary User's Manual
  • Toshiba TX79 (64-bit, with some 128-bit functionality)
    • http://www.semicon.toshiba.co.jp/eng/prd/micro/risc/79family/pdf/tx79architecture.pdf (unreachable?)
      The TX79 manual, probably similar to R5900. (Unfortunately, the entire TX79 series of CPUs seems to have been discontinued, and the docs have been removed from Toshiba's website. Backups here, here (unreachable?), and here.)
• Motorola 68K:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorola_68000
    Wikipedia's page about the 68K architecture.
• Motorola 88K:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/88000
    Wikipedia's page about the 88K architecture.
  • http://www.datsi.fi.upm.es/docencia/Arquitectura/caches/ has some PDFs describing a 88110 simulator, and there are instruction opcode details in there as well: http://www.datsi.fi.upm.es/docencia/Arquitectura/caches/manual_ps.tar.gz
    88K details are hard to find. Note: This one is in Spanish.
  • http://www.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/subroutines/m88k.html (unreachable?)
    Register usage, argument passing in function calls, etc.
  • http://www.chl.chalmers.se/~roger/research/papers/tr-136-L.pdf
    This paper has a small section about the 88K.
• PIC:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIC_microcontroller
    Wikipedia's page about the PIC microcontroller architecture.
• PowerPC, POWER:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_Architecture
    Wikipedia's page about the Power architecture.
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_POWER
    Wikipedia's page about the POWER architecture. (Yes, it's a bit confusing.)
  • http://publibn.boulder.ibm.com/doc_link/en_US/a_doc_lib/aixassem/alangref/alangref02.htm
    Assembly language reference. (Sometimes the details are wrong, but this is generally a good first reference.)
  • http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/eserver/articles/archguide.html
    PowerPC/POWER docs (64-bit)
  • http://helenos.itbs.cz/specs/powerpc/970FX_user_manual_v1.41.pdf (unreachable?)
    PowerPC 970FX User's Manual
  • http://the.wall.riscom.net/books/proc/ppc/cwg/cwg_toc.html (unreachable?)
    PowerPC Compiler Writer's Guide
  • http://developer.apple.com/hardware/ve/
    Velocity Engine (AltiVec)
  • http://pds.twi.tudelft.nl/vakken/in1200/labcourse/instruction-set/
    "Simplified PowerPC Instruction Set" (quick reference)
• SPARC: (some of these links were found at http://l4hq.org/arch/sparc64/)
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPARC
    Wikipedia's page about the SPARC architecture.
  • http://www.cs.unm.edu/~maccabe/classes/341/labman/node9.html
    A quick and very nice and compact introduction to SPARC instruction encoding
  • http://www.sparc.com/standards/SPARCV9.pdf
    The SPARC Architecture Manual, version 9 (64-bit)
  • http://www.sparc.com/standards/SCD.2.4.ps.Z
    SPARC Compliance Definition 2.4, 32/64-bit
  • http://www.sun.com/processors/manuals/802-7220-02.pdf
    UltraSPARC I/II User's Manual
  • http://www.sun.com/processors/manuals/805-0087.pdf
    UltraSPARC IIi User's Manual
  • http://www.sun.com/processors/manuals/USIIIv2.pdf
    UltraSPARC III Cu User's Manual version 2.2.1
• SuperH:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SuperH
    Wikipedia's page about the SuperH architecture.
  • http://lars.nocrew.org/computers/processors/SuperH/
    SuperH manuals (in PDF format).
  • http://mc.pp.se/dc/cpu.html
    SH4 (7750) manuals.
• Transputer:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transputer
    Wikipedia's page about the Transputer architecture.
  • http://www.ortodoxism.ro/datasheets/SGSThomsonMicroelectronics/mXqxtvr.pdf
    Good, raw PDF about the ST20-C1 cpu, "Core Instruction Set Manual".
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transputer
    Good starter info about the Transputer architecture.
  • http://www.classiccmp.org/transputer/helios.htm
    Info about Helios, and downloadable stuff.
  • http://www.michaelp.org/transputer
    Great Transputer site.
  • http://www.enlight.ru/docs/cpu/t-puters/talp/
    Nice intro to the Transputer architecture (but unfortunately in boring text format).
• URISC:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URISC
    A short description of URISC.
• VAX:
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAX
    Wikipedia's page about the VAX architecture.
• x86 and amd64:
  • www.sandpile.org
    A very good source of technical info on x86 (and AMD64).
  • http://faydoc.tripod.com/cpu/
    Pentium instruction set (quick reference). (Note: This page has popups and ads. :-/)
  • http://courses.ece.uiuc.edu/ece390/books/labmanual/inst-ref-general.html
    Instruction reference (better than the one above).
  • http://members.tripod.com/~oldboard/assembly/
    HelpPC Reference Library (BIOS interrupts, etc).
  • http://www.uv.tietgen.dk/staff/mlha/PC/Prog/asm/int/
    More interrupt stuff...
  • http://hdebruijn.soo.dto.tudelft.nl/newpage/interupt/INT.HTM
    ... and another one (quite comprehensive).

Machines:

• ARC (MIPS):
  • http://www.netbsd.org/Documentation/Hardware/Machines/ARC/riscspec.pdf
    The Advanced RISC Computing Specification (ARC).
  • http://www.sensi.org/~alec/mips/acer_pica.html
    Info about Acer PICA-61 and ARC BIOS in general.
• BeBox (PPC):
  • http://www.bebox.nu/tech.php
    The BeBox Zone - Tech Info
• DECstation (MIPS):
  • ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/misc/dec-docs/ (unreachable?)
    DECstation 3100 and 5000/200 documentation (DS*.ps.gz) and TURBOchannel Firmware Specs.
  • http://decstation.unix-ag.org/docs/dec_docs/ (unreachable?)
    Linux DECstation hardware docs (similar to the NetBSD docs).
  • http://mail-index.netbsd.org/port-pmax/1999/11/02/0007.html
    Someone seems to have tried to make NetBSD run on a pmax emulator before.
  • http://www.vt100.net/manx/search?on=0&cp=1&q=decstation
    Lots of DECstation documentation.
  • http://mail-index.netbsd.org/port-pmax/2001/05/12/0005.html
    Info about the PXG (Pixelstamp) graphics boards used in DECstations.
  • http://john.ccac.rwth-aachen.de:8000/alf/ds5000_200/
    DECstation 5000/200 picture and some info.
  • http://research.microsoft.com/~gbell/Digital/timeline/1989-5.htm
    Hm.
• Dreamcast (SH4):
  • http://mc.pp.se/dc/
    Marcus Comstedt's Dreamcast Programming page (lots of good/useful technical details).
  • http://cadcdev.sourceforge.net/
    KallistiOS, and Dreamcast info in general.
  • http://www.ludd.luth.se/~jlo/dc/
    Some technical details about Dreamcast internals.
  • http://alumnos.utem.cl/dcemu/files/kosdemos20040418.zip (unreachable?)
    Conveniously packaged Dreamcast demos, by the DCemu developers.
• M88K-based:
  • http://mcg.motorola.com/us/products/docs/pdf/187igd.pdf (unreachable?)
    MVME187 RISC Single Board Computer Installation Guide.
  • http://mcg.motorola.com/us/products/docs/pdf/197leig_d1.pdf (unreachable?)
    MVME197LE Single Board Computer Installation Guide.
  • http://www.geekdot.com/m8120/ (unreachable?)
    Some 88K information.
  • http://user.dtcc.edu/~ctribo/88k/scans.html
    A very good page filled with good details about Data General Aviion machines.
• Playstation (MIPS):
  • http://ps2dev.sourceforge.net/kvaks/ps2/opcodes.txt (unreachable?)
    Opcodes used in Playstation 2.
  • http://www.zophar.net/tech/files/psx.pdf (or http://www.raphnet.net/electronique/psx_adaptor/Playstation.txt for a .txt version)
    Playstation and R3000A info, detailing coprocessor registers and such.
  • http://wire.napalm-x.com/html/downloads.htm
    Playstation 2 stuff (R5900).
  • http://playstation2-linux.com/download/p2lsd/p2lkit-handbook.html
    The Playstation 2 Linux Kit Handbook.
  • http://host21.hrwebservices.net/~pokrovs/PS2Docs/ (unreachable?)
    Misc. Playstation 2 docs (in PDF format).
• Silicon Graphics (MIPS):
  • http://flexor.uwaterloo.ca/library/SGI_bookshelves/SGI_Developer/books/DevDriver_PG/sgi_html/ch01.html
    A very good introduction to MIPS memory management on SGI machines, TLBs, address spaces etc.
  • http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/tpl/cgi-bin/browse.cgi?coll=hdwr&db=bks&pth=/SGI_Developer
    SGI Developer stuff.
  • http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/tpl/cgi-bin/download.cgi?coll=hdwr&db=bks&docnumber=007-3410-001
    SGI Origin and Onyx2 Programmer's Reference Manual.
  • http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/tpl/cgi-bin/download.cgi?coll=hdwr&db=bks&docnumber=007-3439-002
    SGI Origin and Onyx2 Theory of Operations Manual.

Other emulators and simulators:

• 65xx:
  • http://frodo.cebix.net (was http://www.students.uni-mainz.de/bauec002/FRMain.html (unreachable?))
    "Frodo - The free portable C64 emulator"
• Alpha:
  • http://sourceforge.net/projects/es40/
    Camiel Vanderhoeven's AlphaServer ES40 Emulator.
• ARM:
  • http://armphetamine.sourceforge.net/
    "ARMphetamine is a project to create a fast and accurate ARM processor emulator."
  • http://davidsharp.com/tarmac/
    "Tarmac is a dynamically recompiling emulator of an ARM microprocessor."
  • http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/mwd24/phd/swarm.html
    "SWARM - Software ARM"
  • http://www.double.co.nz/nintendo_ds/dsemu.html
    "Nintendo DS Emulator"
  • http://www.skyeye.org/
    An ARM emulator.
  • http://softgun.sourceforge.net/
    "Softgun is a Software ARM. It is intended to help Embedded System developers."
  • http://www.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~r88052/ARMware/en/ (unreachable?)
    Another ARM emulator.
• IA64:
  • http://www.irisa.fr/caps/projects/ArchiCompil/iato/
    "IATO [...] is a flexible environment that permits to analyze, emulate or simulate the IA64 Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) binary executables."
• M68K:
  • http://www.complang.tuwien.ac.at/nino/stonx.html
    STonX: An Atari ST emulator for X Windows (Unix) hosts.
  • http://www.freiburg.linux.de/~uae/
    The UAE Amiga Emulator.
• M88K:
  • http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/academic/class/15740-f99/public/
       Bench/spec95/benchspec/CINT95/124.m88ksim/ (unreachable?)
    m88ksim, sources for a M88100 simulator.
• MIPS:
  • http://www.linux-mips.org/wiki/index.php/Emulators
    The Linux-MIPS emulators page has links to other emulators.
  • SPIM -- A MIPS32 Simulator (http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~larus/spim.html)
    James Larus' classic MIPS simulator. (was: "A MIPS R2000/R3000 simulator")
    "spim is a self-contained simulator that will run MIPS32 assembly language programs. [..] spim does not execute binary (compiled) programs."
  • SimOS (unreachable?) (http://simos.stanford.edu/)
    Standford's SimOS (MIPS, MIPS64, Alpha) simulator. It is supposed to be able to boot a modified version of IRIX on MIPS and OSF1 on Alpha.
  • Sulima ISA Simulator (http://www.disy.cse.unsw.edu.au/Software/Simulators/Sulima/)
    "Sulima is an instruction set architecture simulator, originally designed as a research and teaching tool for internal use by the Distributed Systems Group at the University of New South Wales."
  • vmips (www.dgate.org/vmips/)
    "This is the home page for vmips, a virtual machine simulator based on a MIPS R3000 processor."
  • MIPSI (http://www.cs.cornell.edu/People/egs/mipsi/)
    MIPSI - MIPS Simulator.
  • MPS (http://mps.sourceforge.net, was: http://www.cs.unibo.it/mps/)
    "MPS is a general-purpose computer system simulator based on MIPS R3000 processor."
  • YAMS (http://www.niksula.hut.fi/~buenos/yams.html)
    "Yet Another Machine Simulator (YAMS)" (MIPS32)
  • MISSE (http://www.abo.fi/~jkniivil/misse/)
    "MISSE - MIPS Instruction Set Simulator Environment" (32-bit MIPS, the page is in Swedish, no source code?)
  • Nolimips (http://www.lrde.epita.fr/cgi-bin/twiki/view/Tiger/Nolimips)
    "Nolimips is a MIPS simulator with infinitely many registers."
  • Nachos (http://www.cs.washington.edu/homes/tom/nachos/)
    A simulator used to teach Operating Systems concepts.
  • J-MIPS (http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/packages/jmips/)
    "J-MIPS - The Java MIPS simulator"
  • http://nenya.ms.mff.cuni.cz/~holub/msim/
    MSIM "is a light-weight computer simulator. It is used for education purposes, mainly to teach the construction and implementation of operating systems."
• PowerPC/POWER:
  • http://pearpc.sourceforge.net/
    "PearPC - PowerPC Architecture Emulator"
  • http://www.students.uni-mainz.de/bauec002/SheepShaver.html (unreachable?)
    "SheepShaver - An Open Source PowerMac Emulator"
  • http://sources.redhat.com/psim/
    "PSIM - Model of the PowerPC(tm) Architecture"
• SuperH:
  • http://alumnos.utem.cl/dcemu/ (unreachable?)
    Dreamcast emulator, for MS Windows
  • http://www.dreamemu.net/
    Dreamcast emulator. (This page has popups and ads. :-/)
  • http://swirly.sourceforge.net/
    Dreamcast simulator, for running experimental code (not games).
  • http://chanka.emulatronia.com/FrameSetDC_DC.htm
    Chankast, a Dreamcast emulator, capable of running commercial games, for MS Windows
  • http://www.lxdream.org/news/
    lxDream, a Dreamcast emulator for Linux.
• Transputer:
  • http://spirit.lboro.ac.uk/emulator.html
    A Transputer emulator. "It emulates a single T414 transputer (i.e. no FPU, no blitting instructions) and supplies the file and terminal I/O services that were usually supplied by the host computer system."
• x86 (i386/amd64):
  • http://bochs.sourceforge.net/
    PC (x86 and amd64) emulator.
• Other/misc.:
  • http://lilyvm.sourceforge.net/
    "LilyVM is a lightweight virtual machine which can host NetBSD, FreeBSD, and other open source OSes."
  • http://ccore.sourceforge.net/
    "CrayCore - A CRAY YMP-EL Emulator"
• Emulators emulating multiple architectures / platforms:
  • QEMU
    Fabrice Bellard's emulator, emulating x86 and several other architectures (e.g. MIPS). "QEMU is a generic and open source processor emulator which achieves a good emulation speed by using dynamic translation."
  • GUSS (www.nongnu.org/guss/)
    Johan Rydberg's "GUSS the Universal System Simulator". "Work has begun on some other targets, or there are plans for: [...] MIPS32 (planned -- back-ported from old GUSS)"
  • The Machine Emulator
    Matt Fredette's multi-machine emulator. Currently (February 2010), it can emulate a Sun 2/120, a Sun 3/150, and a SUN SPARCstation 2, running NetBSD as the guest OS.
  • http://www.mess.org/
    "Multiple Emulator Super System". Mostly for games?

Miscellaneous:

• Reverse debugging, reverse code execution:
  • http://www.usenix.org/events/usenix05/tech/general/king/king_html/index.html
    "Debugging operating systems with time-traveling virtual machines", Samuel T. King, George W. Dunlap, and Peter M. Chen
  • http://www.codesourcery.com/publications/reversible_debugging.pdf
    "Reversible debugging", Paul Brook and Daniel Jacobowitz, CodeSourcery
  • http://www.ece.gatech.edu/research/codesign/publications/tankut/paper/git-cc-02-49.pdf
    "Instruction-level Reverse Execution for Debugging", Tankut Akgul and Vincent J. Mooney III, Georgia Institute of Technology
• Misc. hardware stuff and APIs:
  • http://www.mit.edu/afs/sipb/contrib/doc/specs/
    LOTS of hardware documentation
  • http://www.causeuse.org/hauke/macbsd/symbios_53cXXX_doc/ (unreachable?)
    E.g. NCR/Symbios 53C710 documentation
  • http://www.be300.org/forum/index.php?showtopic=652 (unreachable?)
    Info about Cassiopeia BE300 (VR4131-based PDA)
  • ftp://ftp.compaq.com/pub/supportinformation/papers/hcir1_0a.pdf
    OpenHCI (Open Host Controller Interface Specification for USB), v 1.0a
    (Warning: Broken PDF according to gv?)
  • http://wiki.duskglow.com/index.php/Documentation
    VGA registers and PC-style INT 0x10 interrupts
  • http://www.osdever.net/cottontail/
    Lots of hardware docs. (mainly for OS development)
  • http://www.codeconcepts.com/ns16550/PC16550D.pdf
    Data on the NS16550 serial controller.
• Misc. operating systems:
  • NetBSD: http://www.netbsd.org/ports/
  • NetBSD's emulator page: http://www.netbsd.org/ports/emulators.html
  • FreeBSD: http://www.freebsd.org/platforms/
  • OpenBSD: http://www.openbsd.org/plat.html
  • Linux-MIPS, HPPA, M32R.
  • HelenOS
• Misc. other things:
  • http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/instruct/tareski/373f98/notes/srecord.htm (unreachable?)
    SREC file format description.
  • http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/walter/cs314-musical.html
    Useful MIPS asm songs.

Other projects/efforts/research that have used GXemul, e.g. as a development aid, debugger, or other reference, or have been able to make use of GXemul code:

• HelenOS
  The HelenOS developers have ported the OS to several architectures/machines, including GXemul's testarm and testmips machine modes.
• NetBSD Google Summer-of-Code: Support for MIPS64 ISA
  A project to expand NetBSD's MIPS support from 32-bit to 64-bit. (The project sadly didn't take off.)
• FreeBSD/mips (FreeBSD Quarterly Status Report 2007-10 - 2007-12)
  "FreeBSD/mips boots to multiuser using gxemul on the MALTA board with a 4Kc based CPU."
• FreeBSD/arm
  FreeBSD/arm kernels (during development) running in GXemul.
• http://sourceforge.net/projects/es40/
  GXemul's DEC 21143 network card is reused in Camiel Vanderhoeven's AlphaServer ES40 Emulator.
• Lemote (unreachable?)/Godson
  A Chinese company, Lemote, has published (unreachable?) modified versions of GXemul 0.3.8 (unreachable?) and 0.4.3 for the MIPS-like Loongson/Godson processor. (More details here.)
• http://www.ece.iupui.edu/TR/TR-ECE-08-03.pdf
  Vectorized Database Algorithms Using A Novel Multicontext Coarse-Grained FPGA
  PRANAV VAIDYA and JAEHWAN JOHN LEE, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis
• http://www.inrialpes.fr/vasy/people/Claude.Helmstetter/Helmstetter_APCCAS08.pdf
  SimSoC: A SystemC TLM integrated ISS for full system simulation
  Claude Helmstetter and Vania Joloboff.

Links to other things related to GXemul:

• http://people.zoy.org/~walken/gxemul-etch/HOWTO.html
  "Installing Debian Etch on a simulated DECstation using GXemul" by Michel Lespinasse.
• http://www.thoughtwave.net/downloads.html
  Precompiled NetBSD 4.0-BETA kernels with TUN/TAP devices and OpenVPN, built by Jonathan Kalbfeld.